Impacto del trabajo a turnos en la salud y la conciliación laboral/familiar del personal de enfermería en el Hospital General San Jorge de Huesca

The great technological advances and the changes in the production models of the last decades have given rise to the introduction of shift work systems in order to be able to guarantee continuous services during the 24 hours. These work shifts are part of working conditions and have a direct impact on health. The health population and in particular the nursing professionals, are one of the groups most affected by this system of work, aspect that has an impact on their physical, psychological, family and social health, without forgetting the negative repercussions that it has on the safety and the quality of care of patients. The objective is to analyze the impact of shift rotation and nocturnal health on the nursing staff of the San Jorge General Hospital in Huesca. An observational, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 120 nursing professionals from the San Jorge General Hospital of Huesca, who carry out their activity in hospitalization units, special services and outpatient consultations, with a minimum stay of two years in a fixed shift or rotating shift. The data collection was carried out using the ISTAS 21 (CoPsoQ) questionnaire, medium version, adapted and validated to the Spanish of the Copenhagen questionnaire. The data was processed with the statistical program SPSS V.22.0. As a result, 120 completed questionnaires were collected. The response rate was 100%. In the distribution by sex, women predominated (87.9%). The professionals of the rotating morning / afternoon / night (MTN) presented the worst scores for all the dimensions studied compared to those of the morning shift (M) that obtained the most favorable. Except in the dimensions of insecurity, emotional demands, influence and possibility of development, the rest of the dimensions studied indicate statistically significant associations with the MTN rotating shift. The role clarity dimension was the worst valued where the three groups studied scored unfavorably. Therefore, we conclude that nursing professionals with rotating shifts are exposed to working conditions that have more negative effects on their health. The rotating shift, especially the one that includes nocturnality, has a negative influence on health, work / family conciliation and the perception of psychosocial risks.

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