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THE UNIFIED ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE (AEU) AS
A STRATEGIC TOOL ORGANIZATIONAL MODELING
FOR THE FUNTIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF
UNIVERSITIES
Oswaldo Alfaro Bernedo
National University Federico Villarreal, (Perú).
E-mail: oalfaro@unfv.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-5986
Doris Esenarro
National University Federico Villarreal, (Perú).
E-mail: desenarro@unfv.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7186-9614
Ciro Rodriguez
National University Mayor de San Marcos, (Perú).
E-mail: crodriguezro@unmsm.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2112-1349
Maria René Alfaro
National University Federico Villarreal, (Perú).
E-mail: mralfaro@unfv.edu.pe ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-6748
Recepción:
21/10/2020
Aceptación:
29/12/2020
Publicación:
08/01/2021
Citación sugerida Suggested citation
Alfaro, O., Esenarro, D., Rodriguez, C., y Alfaro, M. R. (2021). The Unied Enterprise Architecture
(AEU) as a strategic tool organizational modeling for the funtional competitiveness of universities.
3C Empresa. Investigación y pensamiento crítico. Edición Especial Tourism and University: Backbone of Peruvian
Economy, 63-79. https://doi.org/10.17993/3cemp.2021.specialissue1.63-79
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ABSTRACT
This research work proposes the design and application of an organizational model based on
two very important and well-known precedents: On the one hand, the so-called Enterprise
Architecture (EA), as a powerful methodology of business modeling based on Zachaman’s
Framework and, on the other hand, the Unied Process of Rational (UPR), so that together
they achieve a synergistic merger, giving rise to the so-called Unied Enterprise Architecture
(UEA), in order to articulate all the perspectives and aspects that are part of the original
EA with a third dimension formed by the phases and iterative dynamics of the UPR. In
this way, the systemic organizational modeling of universities is very useful; however, its
application is valid for all types of organizations. The design of the experimental research
of the pre-test and post-test type with a control group is dened, a computer application is
developed as a prototype and the empirical test is carried out through direct observation for
the control group and simulation for the experimental group; results are evaluated based on
the management indicators Eciency, eectiveness and productivity.
KEYWORDS
Information technologies, Enterprise architecture, Unied Enterprise Architecture, Unied
process of Rational, Simulation.
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1. INTRODUCTION
The scenarios in which organizations operate are increasingly complex, demanding
greater management capacity to achieve or maintain adequate levels of competitiveness.
In this regard, there are evident scientic and technological advances aimed at generating
new knowledge, management tools and technological tools; however, such eorts are not
articulated in a systemic way, achieving isolated results and, in many cases, contributing to
increase the existing complexity. Management methods focused on the organized alignment
between business plans, information systems plan and information technology plans are
still incipient. In this context, the organizations solve in an incomplete and ineective way
the immediate problems that are manifested in their future, but it is still not considered
an integral solution of all the agents that are part of the socio-technical system (Reyes,
Rodriguez, & Esenarro, 2019).
One of the main manifestations of the deciencies and restrictions derived from the
framework of action indicated for the Peruvian public university system in general and, in the
UNFV in particular, is the scarce use of modern management tools supported by information
technologies to improve the performance of its business processes. The indicators in which
the low performance of such processes becomes tangible are eciency, eectiveness and
productivity. Ultimately, the result of this problematic situation is manifested in the provision
of administrative services with a low level of competitiveness, even in the national context.
Another cause of the low level of performance of administrative processes is the lack of
knowledge of management methodologies and tools supported by information technology,
which allow the integration of all the functionality of the organization (Bastidas, Helfert,
& Bezbradica, 2018).
Consequently, the objective of this research work is to “establish the degree of inuence
that the design and application of an organizational model based on the Unied Enterprise
Architecture, in the functional competitiveness of universities,” understood the Unied
Enterprise Architecture as a manifestation of modern business engineering, which aims
to integrate all management tools with a coherent technological support, as well as the
dynamic and iterative component that gives the third dimension of phases provided by the
RUP (Kitsios & Kamariotou, 2019).
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To prove that the functional competitiveness of the universities improves as a result of this
proposed organizational model, the corresponding hypothesis is formulated in the following
terms: “If an organizational model based on the Unied Enterprise Architecture is designed
and used, then the functional competitiveness of the universities improves”. The related
independent and dependent variables for this purpose are Organizational model based on
the Unied Enterprise Architecture and the functional competitiveness of the universities,
respectively; for each of them, indicators have been identied to which a specic metric is
applied. In the case of the dependent variable, the indicators are constituted by eciency,
eectiveness and productivity.
2. METHODOLOGY
The present research is based on the specic scientic method because of the perfection
and eectiveness it has achieved [SIE96] and because its development and improvement
are closely linked to the development of technology, since the validity of the hypothesis
formulated after data collection is tested (Bastidas et al., 2018).
This research method is framed in the typology of eld research thesis, that is, the appropriate
method for researches in which information has been collected framed by the specic
environment in which the study phenomenon is presented. In the realization of these theses,
an exclusive research method is used and certain tools are designed to collect information
that are only applied in the environment in which the phenomenon of study acts; for the
tabulation and analysis of the information obtained, statistical and mathematical methods and
techniques are used that help to obtain formal, scientically proven conclusions. As specic
orientations used, we have the deductive method, the inductive method and the experimental
method [CAB99] (Huapaya, Rodriguez, & Esenarro, 2020).
Consequently, the thesis follows a proven method of collection, tabulation and analysis of
the antecedents that have been obtained and proven to be valid directly in the eld in which
the research fact has been presented.
2.1. SAMPLE
The sample selected is of the probabilistic type because any transaction corresponding
to the business processes involved has the same opportunity to form the control and
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experimental group. Likewise, this sample is considered to be of the probabilistic type
because the execution of such processes can occur at any time, according to the demand of
users or the organization itself when faced with environmental requirements.
2.2. PRESENTATION AND FUNCTIONAL METAMODEL OF THE AEU
The metamodel of the Unied Enterprise Architecture (AEU) is presented in detail; the same that
has been conceived and designed on the basis of the Enterprise Architecture, complementing it
with the framework of the Rational Unied Process (RUP). Regarding the latter, the so-called
disciplines have been ignored, taking into account that the perspectives contained in the Business
Architecture cover these disciplines fairly closely; furthermore, they exceed the breadth of scope,
since they cover a greater spectrum of conceptualization of the organizational model to be
represented. In this way, the constituent phases of the RUP framework have been associated
with the Enterprise Architecture framework, maintaining their iterative nature, a fact that gives
a perception of a dynamic process to the construction of such a metamodel. Next, in Figure 1,
the metamodel of the Unied Enterprise Architecture (AEU) is presented.
Figure 1. The Unied Enterprise Architecture Metamodel (AEU).